But when he comes to study the secret propensities which govern the factions of America, he easily perceives that the greater part of them are more or less connected with one or the other of those two divisions which have always existed in free communities....but I affirm that aristocratic or democratic passions may easily be detected at the bottom of all parties, and that, although they escape a superficial observation, they are the main point and the very soul of every faction in the United States.
-Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America
Note: Madison was not a significant participant in the 4th Congress, due to his percentage of actually cast Yea/Nay votes being less than 65% (61%).
1st Congress, House of Representatives
In the range of 75% to less than 85% affinity
Lee (VA)-Jackson (GA) Faction
mean Majority Index - 24, max Majority Index - 39.45, min Majority Index - 1.83, number - 9
Lee (VA)[109, 39.45, 47.69%], Carroll (MD)[109, 37.61, 47.69%], Madison (VA)[109, 36.7, 47.69%], Brown (VA)[109, 29.36, 44.62%], Baldwin (GA)[109, 26.61, 41.54%], Moore (VA)[109, 23.85, 46.15%], Mathews (GA)[109, 11.93, 44.62%], Parker (VA)[109, 5.5, 40%], Jackson (GA)[109, 1.83, 43.08%]
Opposition in the range of <= 35% of agreement -Schureman (NJ)-Thatcher (MA)
mean Majority Index - 3, max Majority Index - 5.5, min Majority Index - -0.92, number - 7
Schureman (NJ)[109, 5.5, 44.62%], Foster (NH)[109, 4.59, 44.62%], Leonard (MA)[109, 4.59, 41.54%], Partridge (MA)[109, 4.59, 43.08%], Sedgwick (MA)[109, 2.75, 41.54%], Sturges (CT)[109, 2.75, 40%], Thatcher (MA)[109, -0.92, 43.08%]
Faction that Madison opposed
In the range of 65% to less than 75% affinity
Sherman (CT)-Grout (MA) Faction
mean Majority Index - 7, max Majority Index - 26.61, min Majority Index - -11.01, number - 21
Sherman (CT)[109, 26.61, 47.69%], Goodhue (MA)[109, 26.61, 46.15%], Trumbull (CT)[109, 20.18, 47.69%], Benson (NY)[109, 16.51, 46.15%], Silvester (NY)[109, 14.68, 44.62%], Laurance (NY)[109, 14.68, 46.15%], Ames (MA)[109, 13.76, 47.69%], Huntington (CT)[109, 13.76, 24.62%], Livermore (NH)[109, 6.42, 40%], Schureman (NJ)[109, 5.5, 44.62%], Partridge (MA)[109, 4.59, 43.08%], Foster (NH)[109, 4.59, 44.62%], Floyd (NY)[109, 4.59, 44.62%], Leonard (MA)[109, 4.59, 41.54%], Sedgwick (MA)[109, 2.75, 41.54%], Sturges (CT)[109, 2.75, 40%], Thatcher (MA)[109, -0.92, 43.08%], Gerry (MA)[109, -5.5, 41.54%], Hathorn (NY)[109, -7.34, 41.54%], Smith (SC)[109, -7.34, 44.62%], Grout (MA)[109, -11.01, 43.08%]
Opposition in the range of <= 45% of agreement - Carroll (MD)-Jackson (GA)
mean Majority Index - 22, max Majority Index - 37.61, min Majority Index - 1.83, number - 15
Carroll (MD)[109, 37.61, 47.69%], Griffin (VA)[109, 37.61, 47.69%], White (VA)[109, 37.61, 47.69%], Madison (VA)[109, 36.7, 47.69%], Brown (VA)[109, 29.36, 44.62%], Contee (MD)[109, 29.36, 46.15%], Baldwin (GA)[109, 26.61, 41.54%], Moore (VA)[109, 23.85, 46.15%], Stone (MD)[109, 17.43, 44.62%], Page (VA)[109, 16.51, 41.54%], Sumter (SC)[109, 12.84, 43.08%], Mathews (GA)[109, 11.93, 44.62%], Coles (VA)[109, 6.42, 44.62%], Parker (VA)[109, 5.5, 40%], Jackson (GA)[109, 1.83, 43.08%]
2nd Congress, House of Representatives
In the range of 75% to less than 80% affinity
White (VA)-Macon (NC) Faction
mean Majority Index - 15, max Majority Index - 40.2, min Majority Index - 0, number - 9
White (VA)[102, 40.2, 50.72%], Madison (VA)[102, 23.53, 46.38%], Baldwin (GA)[102, 21.57, 47.83%], Page (VA)[102, 17.65, 47.83%], Venable (VA)[102, 16.67, 37.68%], Grove (NC)[102, 10.78, 43.48%], Giles (VA)[102, 4.9, 44.93%], Ashe (NC)[102, 0.98, 44.93%], Macon (NC)[102, 0, 44.93%]
Opposition in the range of <= 35% of agreement - Laurance (NY)-Thatcher (MA)
mean Majority Index - 12, max Majority Index - 33.33, min Majority Index - -1.96, number - 8
Laurance (NY)[102, 33.33, 44.93%], Sedgwick (MA)[102, 25.49, 46.38%], Ames (MA)[102, 23.53, 46.38%], Bourne (MA)[102, 7.84, 44.93%], Livermore (NH)[102, 7.84, 44.93%], Goodhue (MA)[102, 1.96, 44.93%], Ward (MA)[102, 0.98, 44.93%], Thatcher (MA)[102, -1.96, 44.93%]
Faction that Madison opposed
In the range of 80% to less than 85% affinity
Ames (MA)-Bourne (MA) Faction
mean Majority Index - 17, max Majority Index - 23.53, min Majority Index - 7.84, number - 3
Ames (MA)[102, 23.53, 46.38%], Bourne (RI)[102, 18.63, 43.48%], Bourne (MA)[102, 7.84, 44.93%]
Opposition in the range of <= 25% of agreement - Madison (VA)-Macon (NC)
mean Majority Index - 9, max Majority Index - 23.53, min Majority Index - 0, number - 8
Madison (VA)[102, 23.53, 46.38%], Moore (VA)[102, 18.63, 46.38%], Venable (VA)[102, 16.67, 37.68%], Parker (VA)[102, 5.88, 44.93%], Giles (VA)[102, 4.9, 44.93%], Tredwell (NY)[102, 3.92, 46.38%], Ashe (NC)[102, 0.98, 44.93%], Macon (NC)[102, 0, 44.93%]
3rd Congress, House of Representatives
In the range of 70% to less than 75% affinity
Grove (NC)-Walker (VA) Faction
mean Majority Index - 6, max Majority Index - 36.23, min Majority Index - -13.04, number - 25
Grove (NC)[69, 36.23, 46.23%], Van Cortlandt (NY)[69, 34.78, 43.4%], Neville (VA)[69, 21.74, 43.4%], Lyman (MA)[69, 21.74, 40.57%], Nicholas (VA)[69, 15.94, 43.4%], Venable (VA)[69, 15.94, 44.34%], Madison (VA)[69, 15.94, 39.62%], Findley (PA)[69, 14.49, 44.34%], Christie (MD)[69, 13.04, 33.96%], Bailey (NY)[69, 7.25, 39.62%], Smith (VT)[69, 7.25, 34.91%], Giles (VA)[69, 4.35, 43.4%], Winston (NC)[69, 4.35, 43.4%], Coles (VA)[69, 4.35, 42.45%], Mebane (NC)[69, 4.35, 43.4%], Moore (VA)[69, 0, 43.4%], Smilie (PA)[69, 0, 42.45%], Tredwell (NY)[69, 0, 25.47%], Locke (NC)[69, -5.8, 41.51%], New (VA)[69, -5.8, 41.51%], McDowell (NC)[69, -7.25, 40.57%], Macon (NC)[69, -8.7, 33.02%], Claiborne (VA)[69, -10.14, 42.45%], Blount (NC)[69, -13.04, 40.57%], Walker (VA)[69, -13.04, 41.51%]
Opposition in the range of <= 35% of agreement - Dayton (NJ)-Talbot (NY)
mean Majority Index - 20, max Majority Index - 27.54, min Majority Index - 2.9, number - 9
Dayton (NJ)[69, 27.54, 41.51%], Hindman (MD)[69, 27.54, 43.4%], Boudinot (NJ)[69, 26.09, 41.51%], Cadwalader (NJ)[69, 26.09, 37.74%], Goodhue (MA)[69, 23.19, 43.4%], Wadsworth (CT)[69, 21.74, 45.28%], Smith (SC)[69, 18.84, 42.45%], Ward (MA)[69, 8.7, 42.45%], Talbot (NY)[69, 2.9, 37.74%]
Faction that Madison opposed
In the range of 70% to less than 75% affinity
Murray (MD)-Van Gaasbeck (NY) Faction
mean Majority Index - 26, max Majority Index - 50.72, min Majority Index - 2.9, number - 29
Murray (MD)[69, 50.72, 48.11%], Trumbull (CT)[69, 40.58, 46.23%], Fitzsimons (PA)[69, 40.58, 46.23%], Learned (CT)[69, 39.13, 46.23%], Sedgwick (MA)[69, 37.68, 45.28%], Foster (MA)[69, 33.33, 46.23%], Coffin (MA)[69, 31.88, 45.28%], Thatcher (MA)[69, 31.88, 41.51%], Cobb (MA)[69, 31.88, 46.23%], Ames (MA)[69, 30.43, 44.34%], Bourne (RI)[69, 30.43, 45.28%], Swift (CT)[69, 30.43, 45.28%], Smith (NH)[69, 28.99, 43.4%], Hindman (MD)[69, 27.54, 43.4%], Malbone (RI)[69, 27.54, 41.51%], Wadsworth (MA)[69, 27.54, 39.62%], Tracy (CT)[69, 24.64, 36.79%], Watts (NY)[69, 24.64, 44.34%], Goodhue (MA)[69, 23.19, 43.4%], Wadsworth (CT)[69, 21.74, 45.28%], Hillhouse (CT)[69, 20.29, 45.28%], Glen (NY)[69, 18.84, 43.4%], Smith (SC)[69, 18.84, 42.45%], Gilbert (NY)[69, 17.39, 43.4%], Coit (CT)[69, 17.39, 44.34%], Latimer (DE)[64, 14.06, 39.62%], Van Alen (NY)[69, 8.7, 38.68%], Gordon (NY)[69, 5.8, 26.42%], Van Gaasbeck (NY)[69, 2.9, 42.45%]
Opposition in the range of <= 35% of agreement - Orr (KY)-Walker (VA)
mean Majority Index - 2, max Majority Index - 20.29, min Majority Index - -13.04, number - 18
Orr (KY)[69, 20.29, 42.45%], Madison (VA)[69, 15.94, 39.62%], Venable (VA)[69, 15.94, 44.34%], Christie (MD)[69, 13.04, 33.96%], Preston (VA)[69, 11.59, 41.51%], Bailey (NY)[69, 7.25, 39.62%], Smith (VT)[69, 7.25, 34.91%], Coles (VA)[69, 4.35, 42.45%], Giles (VA)[69, 4.35, 43.4%], Moore (VA)[69, 0, 43.4%], Smilie (PA)[69, 0, 42.45%], Tredwell (NY)[69, 0, 25.47%], New (VA)[69, -5.8, 41.51%], McDowell (NC)[69, -7.25, 40.57%], Macon (NC)[69, -8.7, 33.02%], Claiborne (VA)[69, -10.14, 42.45%], Blount (NC)[69, -13.04, 40.57%], Walker (VA)[69, -13.04, 41.51%]
Raw data source: Govtrack.us
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